The Coniferatum contains full representation of the indigenous conifers of Kashmir, viz. species of Pinus, Cedrus, Abies, Picea, Juniperus, Taxus, Cupressus, and many exotic species of Cupressus, Thuja, Pinus and Cryptomeria.

The deciduous trees are represented by species of Ginkgo, Acer, Fraxinus, Crataegus, Ailanthus, Melia, Euonymus, Aesculus, Ulmus, Platanus, etc. Betula utililis, forming tree-line(alt. ca. 3,300m) on Kashmir Himalayan Mountains, also grows in the KUBG.

The shrubbery grows numerous shrubs, including species of Parrotiopsis, Sorbaria, Spiraea, Clematis, Indigofera, Skimmia, Viburnum, Cotoneaster, Euonymus, Lonicera, Berberis, Daphne, Isodon, Desmodium, Rubus, and the high-altitude Rhododendron, etc.

The rosary comprises a large collection of ornamental roses of different hues, giving a colourful look to the Garden during spring and summer. Various species of willows form the Salicatum, while many beautiful monocot taxa, including species of Sternbergia, Narcissus, Colchicum, Fritillaria, Hemerocallis, Tulipa, Iris, Allium, Crocus, and Ixioliron, are grown in the Bulbous section.

The Rosaceous-fruit section contains the germplasm of temperate rosaceous-fruit trees, including many cultivars of apple, pear, peach, plum, apricot, almond, cherry, and quince, for which Kashmir is known the world over.

The medicinal-plant section has a rich representation of a large number of medicinal plants, such as Aconitum heterophyllum, Podophyllum hexandrum, Rheum emodi, Atropa acuminata, Hyoscyamus niger, Datura stramonium, Asparagus filicinus, Thymus linearis, Prunella vulgaris, Dioscorea deltoidea, Arnebia benthamii, Acorus calamus, Jurinea macrocephala, Achillea millefolium, Cichorium intybus, Solanum nigrum, Nepeta cataria, Origanum normale, Salvia moorcroftiana, Heracleum candicans, and species of Alcea, Viola, Digitalis, Allium, Iris, Polygonum, Rumex, Taraxacum, Mentha and Bergenia, etc. Many species of water lilies, lotus, water chestnut and other aquatic plants are grown in the Lily pond and Canal.

A Glass and a Hot-House exist in the KUBG for housing the tropical and subtropical exotic plants to afford them protection during the chilly winter season. Two beautiful lawns, used for growing various ornamental plants, add to the aesthetic value of KUBG. A portion of KUBG is also used to grow experimental and research material.

Presently, the KUBG has more than 400 indigenous and ca 150 exotic plant species. Many medicinal and other economically important plant species, particularly rare and threatened ones, are grown as ex-situ collections in the KUBG and its extension at Gulmarg. Three ongoing research projects executed in the KUBG pertain to conservation of endangered medicinal plants and are supported by the University of Kashmir, GBPIHED, Almora, and DBT, New Delhi.

Efforts are on to enrich and upgrade the KUBG by growing a wide representation of our indigenous plants so that it can act as a mirror of the flora Kashmir Himalaya. A repository is envisaged to be developed for endemic and endangered flora, as well as for wild relatives of economically important plants, with the aim of acheiving their ex situ conservation and multiplication.

An internationally known Herbarium (KASH), housed in the Centre of Plant Taxonomy (COPT) inside KUBG, acts as a repository of the plant diversity of Kashmir Himalaya with about 30,000 specimens in its accessions.